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TRAPPING – QUY TRÌNH IN BỐN MÀU VÀ NHỮNG NGUYÊN TẮC VẬN HÀNH

TRAPPING – QUY TRÌNH IN BỐN MÀU VÀ NHỮNG NGUYÊN TẮC VẬN HÀNH

Trong các phần trước đây, Prima.vn đã gởi đến bạn đọc các vấn đề của in chồng màu, như thứ tự màu in, cách tính trapping, những vấn đề liên quan đến Trapping, để tạm kết về chuyên đề này. Prima.vn xin gởi đến bạn đọc, những nguyên tắc trong hoạt động in hàng ngày, nhằm đảm bảo cho chúng ta không gặp những sự cố về vấn đề in chồng màu.

Trong quy trình in 4 màu (CMYK) hoặc bất kỳ quá trình in nhiều màu nào. Thứ tự màu in có thể làm thay đổi đáng kể kết quả in cuối cùng. Khi xác định thứ tự màu in thích hợp để sử dụng cho bất kỳ ứng dụng cụ thể nào, chúng ta cần xem xét các yếu tố sau:

  1. Sự phù hợp với tiêu chuẩn ngành. Ví dụ, ISO 12647-2: 2013 về kiểm soát quá trình in offset, đã tiêu chuẩn hóa thứ tự màu in CMY – riêng màu đen được chấp nhận là màu in đầu tiên hoặc cuối cùng.
  2. Độ tách dính của mực – Theo thứ tự độ tách dính giảm dần.
  3. Độ thấm hút của giấy – cả độ mịn và độ khít của bề mặt đều ảnh hưởng hiệu quả bám dính của mực.
  4. Thời gian – giữa các đơn vị in đủ để mực kết màng.
  5. Độ đục của mực – mực đục che các lớp mực bên dưới.
  6. Độ trong suốt của mực – mực trong suốt kết hợp với lớp mực bên dưới.
  7. Độ che phủ của mực – mực có độ che phủ càng cao thì các lớp mực in sau khó bám lên một cách hiệu quả.
  8. Kỹ thuật tách màu từ RGB sang CMYK được sử dụng.
  9. Phương pháp in đang được sử dụng – tức là offset sheetfed, flexography, gravure, v.v.

Trong máy in nhiều màu, lớp mực đầu tiên in xuống giấy, và lần lượt các lớp mực tiếp theo đè lên. Độ tách dính của mực – là một yếu tố chính cho phép các lớp mực dính vào nhau.

In ướt chồng khô

Trong ví dụ đầu tiên (hình 1), hai màu Magenta và Cyan được in bằng máy in một màu. Magenta được in trước trên nền giấy trắng. Lần in thứ hai, màu Cyan được in chồng lên Magenta, sau khi mực Magenta đã khô (tức là in ướt chồng khô). Độ dày lớp mực của cả hai màu là như nhau.

Kết quả là hai màng mực bám với nhau rất tốt. Blue tạo ra đúng màu, không bị ngã về màu Cyan hay Magneta.

Hình 1: In ướt chồng khô, độ dày hai lớp mực là như nhau.

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